domingo, 21 de enero de 2007

Costo social de la experiencia allendista



EL COSTO SOCIAL DE LA EXPERIENCIA DE ALLENDE


La pretención de que la “via chilena al socialismo” no representaría para el país efusión de sangre ni penurias económicas, resultó tan desprovista de verdad como la de que ese proceso se ajustaría a la Constitución y a la ley.

Más de un centenar de personas – una por semana – fallecieron de muerte violenta y directamente atribuible a moviles políticos o sociales, durante los casi tres años de Unidad Popular.

Campesinos y agricultores perecieron al enfrentarse en las “tomas” (ocupaciones ilegales) de predios agrícolas, ultimados a bala, a cuchillo y hasta a palos. Propietarios de edad murieron de ataques al corazón, al ser despojados de sus tierras o al verlas asaltadas. Una anciana secuestrada y vejada en su fundo, se suicidó. En luchas e incidentes entre facciones extremistas fallecieron estudiantes, mujeres y niños, sin que jamás fueran ubicados sus asesinos. Igual cosa sucedió con Carabineros víctimas de ultraizquierdistas; inclusive uno de esos agentes del orden fue ultimado a tiros desde el interior de un local del Partido Socialista – el partido del ex Presidente Allende – por un militante de la colectividad, perfectamente identificado pero que solo fue aprehendido bajo el nuevo régimen militar... más de un año despues del crímen. Extremistas indultados por el Ex Presidente Allende, pertenecientes al VOP (Vanguardia Organizada del Pueblo), iniciaron de inmediato una serie de asesinatos, seis sucesivos – entre ellos el del ex Ministro del Interior, señor Edmundo Pérez, destacado militante de la Democracia Cristiana – antes de perecer ellos mismos.

Otros indultados por el señor Allende, junto a los asesinos de la VOP, fueron los cabecillas del MIR (Movimiento de Izquierda Revolucionaria), que orquestaron el desborde de la legalidad que tanta sangre costaría a Chile.

Todo esto se hizo con la pasividad forzosa de la policia de uniforme (Cuerpo de Carabineros), obligada por el señor Allende a no proceder y con la complicidad de la policía civil (Servicio de Investigaciones), dirigida por socialistas y comunistas y, de este modo, enteramente politizada.

Mientras tanto, el país era arrojado por la Unidad Popular a la peor crisis económica de su vida nacional, sin paralelo en la historia moderna del mundo, salvo para los países azotados por la guerra o por coyunturas internacionales.

Durante el régimen del ex Presidente Allende, nuestra principal producción y exportación – el cobre – tuvo un precio elevado, algo inferior al anterior año 1970, pero con todo inmensamente mayor que el usual hasta el año 1964; en los últimos meses precedentes a la deposición del señor Allende, ese precio repuntó a niveles nunca conocidos. Pese a ello, la Unidad Popular, con su política de ineficiencia; despilfarros; emisiones incontroladas de dinero (emisión inorgánica) que de 8.700 millones de Escudos en el año 1970, pasó a 216.000 millones de Escudos en el año 1973; expropiaciones agrícolas y traspasos de industrias al “área social”, en forma masiva e indiscriminada; politización y sectarismo y persecución contra el productor y contra el técnico, alcanzó las siguientes cifras records:


- Una inflación que superará el 300% en el año 1973.
- Un déficit en la balanza comercial, para el mismo año, que excederá los 450 millones de dólares (1970 cerró con un superávit de más de 175 millones de dólares)
- Un déficit fiscal, en 1973, estimado en un 45% del gasto total del fisco.
- Un aumento en la deuda externa, en tres años, del orden del 60%
- Una inversión nacional (calculada como porcentaje del producto geográfico bruto) que en 1973 será sólo dos tercios de la de 1970
- Una baja en la producción industrial en 1973, con respecto a 1972, del orden del 6%, fenómeno que no se veía en Chile desde hace mucho tiempo. Además se pronostican bajas en la producción de los sectores agropecuarios (16,8%), minero (4,5%), de la construcción (5%), comercial (6,8%), transporte (5,2%), etcétera, en igual período.



Todas estas cifras son oficiales o tomadas de estudios de indiscutible seriedad, de las Universidades Católica y de Chile (que son estatales).

Ya en 1973 los efectos de la crisis repercutieron brutalmente sobre los trabajadores, cuya participación en el ingreso – según estudios de la Universidad de Chile – fue inferior a la de 1970. O sea, su situación real fue peor de la que tenían antes de Allende. Recrudecieron fenómenos alarmantes, como la desnutrición y mortalidad infantil. Y el desabastecimiento se hizo crítico, afectando a productos tan esenciales como el pan, harina, todo tipo de carnes, el vino, bebidas analcohólicas, cigarrillos, detergentes, pasta dentífrica, los generos populares, etcétera y aparecieron las interminables “colas” (que a menudo se prolongaban de un día a otro) y un mercado negro cuya fuente fundamental eran las empresas estatizadas y los organismos oficiales o políticos de distribución.

¿Sería esto lo que el señor Allende – en su primer mensaje presidencial al Congreso, el 21 de mayo de 1971 – llamaba una revolución “CON EL MENOR COSTO SOCIAL QUE SEA POSIBLE IMAGINAR EN NUESTRAS CIRCUNSTANCIAS... SIN COMPULSIONES FÍSICAS INNECESARIAS, SIN DESORDEN INSTITUCIONAL, SIN DESORGANIZAR LA PRODUCCIÓN”? ¿Tendría esto en vista cuando, en la misma ocación, aseguraba que “NO ERA POSIBLE DESTRUIR UNA ESTRUCTURA SOCIAL Y ECONÓMICA, UNA INSTITUCIÓN SOCIAL PREEXISTENTE, SIN ANTES HABER DESARROLLADO, MÍNIMAMENTE, LA DE REEMPLAZO”? ¿O cuando decía: “NUESTRAS OBRAS NO SACRIFICARÁN LA ATENCIÓN DE LAS NECESIDADES DE LOS CHILENOS DE AHORA EN PROVECHO DE EMPRESAS CICLÓPEAS”? Por desgracia, los chilenos y chilenas – su sangre y sus necesidades elementales – sí fueron sacrificados por el señor Allende y por la Unidad Popular, pero no en provecho de ninguna empresa, sino de la destrucción física, económica, política, social y moral efectivamente ciclópea.

Rogamos a Dios que nunca más ocurran situaciones como las vividas en esos nefastos mil días de gobierno de la Unidad Popular.

Como chilenos agradecidos de la Obra del Gobierno Cívico – Militar, encabezados por el Ex Presidente de la República, don Augusto José Ramón Pinochet Ugarte, debemos recordarles y enseñarles a nuestros compatriotas más jovenes y aquellos que jamás entendieron el “por qué” del Pronunciamiento Militar, las razones fundamentadas, histórica y documentadamente.

No basta solo criticar la Magna Obra del Gobierno Cívico – Militar, pues con ello solo lograremos más divisiones entre chilenos y chilenas. Debemos entender y comprender lo que realmente sucedió en esos años.

28 comentarios:

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Anónimo dijo...

pero.. qué historia leen ustedes...?

la de vial...?

de villalobos...?

o definitivamente.. no leen....

increible...

lo visitaré, el blog.. como uno de los espacios de ignorancia pura...

lo recomendaré a amigos para la risa diaria..

-an amante de la historia.. y muy marxista-

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Yo voy por la fuerza liberal masónica Vicente Alcoseri

Juan Pablo Zepeda Novoa dijo...

lamentablemente todo lo que escribiste muy pocos lo saben ya que esta dictadura de izquierda le a hechado toda la culpa al gobierno militar y no han sido lo suficientemente capaces de reconocer sus error ya que los militares no se tomaron el poder por que si, si no que por culpa del señor ALLENDE

cuidate

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La pura verdad, si Allende no hubiera permitido a sus upelientos hacer las embarradas que hicieron, no hubiese sido necesario el pronunciamiento militar.

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